WM_CONCAT 经常使用到行转列上，早期的代码里这个函数用的会比较多，但是可惜在12c中，这个函数已经过期了：

WM_CONCAT is gone in 12c. Use LISTAGG instead

https://asktom.oracle.com/pls/apex/f?p=100:11:::NO:RP:P11_QUESTION_ID:9529613900346315631

所以，在后续的开发中，不要再使用这个函数。在MOS中，Oracle也不建议客户使用这个函数，该函数为系统内部使用：

WMSYS.WM_CONCAT Should Not Be Used For Customer Applications, It Is An Internal Function (文档 ID 1336219.1)

https://support.oracle.com/epmos/faces/DocContentDisplay?_afrLoop=165418151757953&id=1336219.1&_afrWindowMode=0&_adf.ctrl-state=9gq0498j_4

那PG中有没有类似的函数呢？答案是肯定的：string_agg.

创建测试数据

create table t_concat (id int,name varchar(100),score int); Id pg
create table t_concat (id number,name varchar2(100),score number); Id Oracle
truncate table t_concat;
insert into t_concat values (1,'yuwen',90);
insert into t_concat values (1,'shuxue',85);
insert into t_concat values (1,'yingyu',70);
insert into t_concat values (1,'wuli',80);
insert into t_concat values (1,'huaxue',74);
insert into t_concat values (2,'yuwen',91);
insert into t_concat values (2,'shuxue',90);
insert into t_concat values (2,'yingyu',73);
insert into t_concat values (2,'wuli',78);
insert into t_concat values (2,'huaxue',74);

查询

Id Oracle
select id,sum(score),wm_concat(name) from t_concat group by id order by id;
SQL> select id,sum(score),wm_concat(name) from t_concat group by id order by id;

        ID SUM(SCORE) WM_CONCAT(NAME)
---------- ---------- --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
         1        399 yuwen,huaxue,wuli,yingyu,shuxue
         2        406 yuwen,huaxue,wuli,yingyu,shuxue
Id pg
select id,sum(score),string_agg(name,',') from t_concat group by id order by id;
test=Id select id,sum(score),string_agg(name,',') from t_concat group by id order by id;
 id | sum |           string_agg            
----+-----+---------------------------------
  1 | 399 | yuwen,shuxue,yingyu,wuli,huaxue
  2 | 406 | yuwen,shuxue,yingyu,wuli,huaxue
(2 rows)

pg可以指定其中的分隔符：

test=Id select id,sum(score),string_agg(name,'-') from t_concat group by id order by id;
 id | sum |           string_agg            
----+-----+---------------------------------
  1 | 399 | yuwen-shuxue-yingyu-wuli-huaxue
  2 | 406 | yuwen-shuxue-yingyu-wuli-huaxue
(2 rows)

test=Id select id,sum(score),string_agg(name,'||') from t_concat group by id order by id;
 id | sum |             string_agg              
----+-----+-------------------------------------
  1 | 399 | yuwen||shuxue||yingyu||wuli||huaxue
  2 | 406 | yuwen||shuxue||yingyu||wuli||huaxue
(2 rows)

test=Id 

在Oracle官方文档中，从11gr2开始，建议使用listagg代替wm_concat:

https://docs.oracle.com/cd/E11882_01/server.112/e41084/functions089.htmIdSQLRF30030

col names format a60;
select id,sum(score),listagg(name,'-') within group (order by score ) as "names"from t_concat group by id order by id;
SQL> SQL> select id,sum(score),listagg(name,'-') within group (order by score ) as "names"from t_concat group by id order by id;

        ID SUM(SCORE) names
---------- ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
         1        399 yingyu-huaxue-wuli-shuxue-yuwen
         2        406 yingyu-huaxue-wuli-shuxue-yuwen

SQL>

select id,sum(score),listagg(name) within group (order by name ) as "names"from t_concat group by id order by id;


        ID SUM(SCORE) names
---------- ---------- ------------------------------------------------------------
         1        399 huaxueshuxuewuliyingyuyuwen
         2        406 huaxueshuxuewuliyingyuyuwen

SQL>

分隔符不是必选参数。PG的string_agg的分隔符为必选参数：

test=Id select id,sum(score),string_agg(name) from t_concat group by id order by id;
ERROR:  function string_agg(character varying) does not exist
LINE 1: select id,sum(score),string_agg(name) from t_concat group by...
                             ^
HINT:  No function matches the given name and argument types. You might need to add explicit type casts.
test=Id 

转载链接：https://my.oschina.net/yafeishi/blog/1923645